Robinson H.R., Embleton R. The Armour of the Roman Legions

Newcastle upon Tyne: Frank Graham, 1980. - 40 pgs. Roman military personal equipment was produced in large numbers to established patterns, and it was used in an established way. These standard patterns and uses were called the res militaris or disciplina. Its regular practice during the Roman Republic and Roman Empire led to military excellence and victory. The general word for army became exercitus. Roman equipment (especially armor) gave them "a very distinct advantage over their barbarian enemies." This did not imply that every Roman soldier had better equipment than the richer men among his opponents.